中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
鱼跃医疗为何敢顶风哄抬物价?270万罚少了吗?****** 中新经纬2月2日电 (宋亚芬)因疫情期间哄抬血氧仪价格,江苏鱼跃医疗设备股份有限公司(以下简称鱼跃医疗)近日被江苏省镇江市市场监管局处罚270万元。对此,有网友表示“罚少了!” 事实上,鱼跃医疗并不是唯一一个在疫情期间借防疫商品紧俏而大幅涨价发国难财的企业。2月1日,国家市场监管总局公布了第五批查处涉疫药品和医疗用品违法典型案例,除了鱼跃医疗,重庆同泰大药房连锁有限公司也因哄抬药品价格被处罚。 通报指出,鱼跃医疗血氧仪销售价格上涨幅度明显高于成本增长幅度,推高了鱼跃牌血氧仪市场销售价格。以该公司生产的指夹式脉搏血氧仪(型号:YX306)为例,2022年12月生产入库平均成本比11月上涨47%。向经销商的平均销售价格由100元/台上涨至231.78元/台,涨幅131.8%;最高价格上涨至254.15元/台,涨幅154.2%。 对于企业在疫情期间物资紧缺情况下哄抬物价的行为,中国并非没有监管制度。早在2020年,最高人民法院等部门就联合制定了《关于依法惩治妨害新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情防控违法犯罪的意见》,提出“在疫情防控期间,违反国家有关市场经营、价格管理等规定,囤积居奇,哄抬疫情防控急需的口罩、护目镜、防护服、消毒液等防护用品、药品或者其他涉及民生的物品价格,牟取暴利,违法所得数额较大或者有其他严重情节,严重扰乱市场秩序的,依照刑法第二百二十五条第四项的规定,以非法经营罪定罪处罚”。而依照该项规定,情节特别严重的,处五年以上有期徒刑,并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚金或者没收财产。国家市场监管总局2022年12月也发布了《关于涉疫物资价格和竞争秩序提醒告诫书》《规范涉疫物资网络交易秩序工作提示》等,明确提出“不得哄抬价格”等法律红线。可以说,相关制度不可谓不严厉,为何总有企业挑战法律底线? 北京隆安律师事务所律师尹富强在接受中新经纬采访时表示,企业明知哄抬物价是违法行为,依然敢于违法,主要有两个原因:一是违法行为人认为即使违法不一定被处罚,从新闻报道来看被处罚的比例并不是很高。二是企业有可能算经济帐,即使最后被处罚了,但违法行为所增加的盈利减去被处罚金额依然有赚头,算经济帐也是合算的,就会有利益驱使。 从江苏省镇江市市场监管局的处罚通报来看,这次对鱼跃医疗处罚270万元属于从重处罚。通报指出,当事人在疫情期间推动血氧仪市场价格过快、过高上涨,扰乱市场价格秩序,影响国家疫情防控大局和人民群众身体健康,影响范围广,属于情节较重情形,符合从重情节。 不过,有网友表示,“罚270万?一台涨价200,就是卖1万多台机子的事。罚那点款简直九牛一毛。” 根据《中华人民共和国价格法》《价格违法行为行政处罚规定》等法律法规,对发现存在捏造、散布涨价信息,哄抬价格,囤积居奇,推动商品价格过快、过高上涨行为的,最高可处300万元的罚款。 市场经济讲究“供求关系决定价格”,这是否意味着需大于求时企业可以随意大幅涨价?对此,中央财经大学副教授刘春生表示,市场经济条件下,价格确实是由供求关系所决定的,但是市场经济本身也是法治经济,是有一定规章制度的。任何的市场经济都不会对企业的行为尤其是违法违规行为完全坐视不理。 此外,刘春生强调,疫情期间某些企业哄抬物价,本身确实是利用了疫情这个大的背景,而发国难财,从古至今,从中到外,都是不允许的。企业做生意,首先要遵守基本的规章制度,其次还要讲良心,有公德。 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |